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121 Biran, Michal. “Qarakhanid Studies: A View from the Qara Khitai Edge”, Cahiers d'Asia Centrale 9 (2001), 77–89.

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123 Biran, Michal “The Liao and the Muslim World: Migrations, Diplomacy, Commerce, and Mutual Perceptions”, Journal of Song-Yuan Studies, 43 (2013), 221–251.

124 Biran, Michal “The Qarakhanids's Eastern Exchange: Preliminary Notes on the Silk Roads in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries”, in: Bemman and Schmauder 2015, 575–595.

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126 Bosworth, Clifford E. “AlīMtigin”, in: Encyclopædia Iranica, Vol. I, 887–888 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/alitigin-the-usual-name-in-the-sources-for-ali-b, published 1985, last updated 2011].

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128 Collins, Basil Anthony(tr.). The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the region. Reading: Garnet, 1994.

129 Davidovich, Elena A. “The Karakhanids”, in: Asimov and Bosworth 1998, 125–149.

130 De la Vaissière, Étienne. Sogdian Traders: A History. Leiden: Brill, 2005.

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132 Dotson, Brandon. “The ‘Nephew-Uncle’ Relationship in the International Diplomacy of the Tibetan Empire (7th-9th Centuries)”, in: Dotson et al. 2009, 223–238.

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134 Duturaeva, Dilnoza. “Between the Silk and Fur Roads: Qarakhanid Diplomacy and Trade”, Orientierungen: Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens 28 (2016), 173–212.

135 Duturaeva, Dilnoza. “Cengtan and Fulin: The Saljuqs in Chinese Sources”, Crossroads: Studies on the History of Exchange Relations in the East Asian World 15 (2017), 29–48.

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137 Gardīzī, ‘Abd al-Ḥayy ibn Z̤aḥḥāk. See Zayn al-akhbār.

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148 al-Kāshgharī, Mahmūd. See DīMwān lughāt al-Turk.

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151 Kitāb al-ṣaydana fī al-ṭībb, by Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī, translated into Russian by Ubaydulla Karimov as Abu Raikhan Beruni. Farmakognozia v meditsine (Kitab assaydana fi-t-tibb) / Izbrannye proizvedeniia 4. Tashkent: Fan, 1973.

152 Kitāb al-Yamīnī, by Abū Naṣr Muḥammad al-'Utbī, translated into English by James Reynolds as The Kitabi-i-Yamini, Historical Memoirs of the Amir Sabaktagin and the Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna, Early Conquerors of Hindustan, and Founders of the Ghaznavide Dynasty. London: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland, 1858.

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155 La Vaissière, Étienne de. Sogdian Traders: A History. Leiden: Brill, 2005.

156 Liao shi 遼史 [History of the Liao Dynasty], ed. by Toqto'a [chin. Tuotuo] 脫脫. Beijing: Zhonghua, 1976.

157 al-Muqaddasī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad. See Kitāb aḥsān al-taqāsīm fī ma'rifat al-aqālīm.

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160 Pritsak, Omeljan. “Die Karachaniden”, Der Islam 31.1 (1953), 2–68.

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163 Qutadghu bilig, by Yūsuf Khāṣṣ Ḥājib Balāsāghūnī, translated in to Russian by S.N. Ivanov as Yusuf Balasagunsky, Blagodatnoe Znanie. Moscow: Nauka, 1983.

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166 Rossabi, Morris (ed.). China Among Equals: The Middle Kingdom and its Neighbors, 10th-14th Centuries. Berkeley: California University, 1983.

167 Schafer, Edward H. Tu Wan's Stone Catalog of Cloudy Forest. Berkeley: University of California, 1961.

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173 Ṭabā'i’ al-ḥayawān, by Sharaf al-Zamān Ṭāhir Marwazī, translated by Vladimir Minorsky as Sharaf al-Zamān Ṭāhir Marvazī on China, the Turks and India. London: Royal Asiatic Society, 1942.

174 Tieweishan congtan 鐵圍山叢談 [Collection of Talks from the Tiewei Mountain], by Cai Tiao 蔡條. Siku quanshu 四庫全書 ed.

175 al-‘Utbī, Abū Naṣr Muḥammad. See Kitāb al-Yamīnī.

176 Watt James C.Y. /Wardwell Anne E. (eds.). When Silk was Gold: Central Asian and Chinese Textiles. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1997.

177 Wei Liangtao 魏良弢. Kalahan wangchao shi gao 喀喇汗王朝史稿 [A draft history of the Qarakhanid dynasty]. Urumchi: Xinjiang renmin, 1986.

178 Wenchang zalu 文昌雜錄 [Miscellaneous Records of Wenchang], by Pang Yuanying 龐元英. Siku quanshu ed.

179 Wilkinson, Endymion. Chinese History: A New Manual. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center, 2015.

180 Xu Jialing 徐家玲. “Baizhanting haishi Saierzhuren guojia? xi Song shi, ‘Fulin guo chuan’ de yi duan jizai 拜占庭还是塞尔柱人国家? 析《宋史·拂棘国传》的一段记载 [Byzantium or Saljuq Sultanate? On a piece of Narrative on “Fulin” in History of Song Dynasty], Gudai wenming 古代文明 [The Journal of Ancient Civilizations] 3.4 (2009), 63–67.

181 Yunlin shipu 雲林石譜 [Stone Catalog of Cloudy Forest], by Du Wan 杜綰. Zhibuzuzhai congshu 知不足齋叢書 ed.

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184 Yang Shao-yun. “Fan and Han: The Origins and Uses of a Conceptual Dichotomy in Mid-Imperial China, ca. 500–1200”, in: Fiaschetti and Schneider 2014, 9–35.

185 Youhuan Jiwen 游宦紀聞 [Records of a Traveling Official], by Zhang Shinan 張世南. Siku quanshu ed.

186 Zhu fan zhi 諸蕃志 [Records of Foreign Peoples], by Zhao Rugua 趙汝适. For an English translation, see Hirth and Rockhill 1911.