1 Agnew, Christopher S. “Migrants and Mutineers: The Rebellion of Kong Youde and Seventeenth-Century Northeast Asia”, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 52.3 (2009), 505–541.

2 An Liao shugao 按遼疏稿 [Memorial Manuscripts on Inspecting Liaodong], by Xiong Tingbi 熊廷弼. Reprint in: Xuxiu Siku quanshu 續修四庫全書, Vol. 491. Shanghai: Shanghai guji, 2002.

3 Andrade, Tonio, Hyeok Hweon Kang, and Kirsten Cooper. “A Korean Military Revolution? Parallel Military Innovations in East Asia and Europe”, Journal of World History 25.1 (2014), 51–84.

4 Chen Bo 陳波. “Beilu ren, piaoliu ren ji Mingdai de haifang jun: yi Chaoxian shiliao Shida wengui wei zhongxin” 被擄人、漂流人及明代的海防軍—以朝鮮史料《事大文軌》為中心 [Captives, Castaways, and Ming Coastal Defense Armies: On the Korean Historical

5 Accounts Sadae mun’gwe (Documents of Serving the Great)], in Fudan daxue wenshi yanjiuyuan 2011, 59–84.

6 Chen Shangsheng 陳尚勝. “Mingchao chuqi yu Chaoxian haishang jiaotong kao” 明朝初期與朝鮮海上交通考 [Study of China-Korea Sea Transportation in the Early Ming Period]. Haijiao shi yanjiu 海交史研究 1997.1, 43–52.

7 Chen Shangsheng 陳尚勝. “Renchen yu Wo zhanzheng chuqi liangcao wenti chutan” 壬辰御倭戰爭初期糧草問題初探 [Primary Investigation of Provisions and Fodder in the Early Imjin War Against the Japanese]. Shehui kexue jikan 社會科學輯刊 2012.4, 174–182.

8 Chen Xiaoshan 陳曉珊. “Mingdai Dengliao haidao de xingfei yu Liaodong bianjiang jinglue” 明代登遼海道的興廢與遼東邊疆經略 [The Rise and Fall of the Dengliao Sea Route and the Management of the Liaodong Border in the Ming Dynasty]. Wenshi 文史 90 (2010.1), 209–234.

9 Chen xueshi xiansheng chuji 陳學士先生初集 [First Collection of Academician Master Chen (= Chen Yidian 陳懿典)]. Reprint in: Siku jinhuishu congkan 四庫禁燬書叢刊, jibu 集部, Vols. 78–79. Beijing: Beijing chubanshe, 1997.

10 Chŏng Ŭnju 鄭恩主. Chosŏn sidae sahaeng kirokhwa : yet kŭrim ŭro ingnŭn Han-Chung kwan’gyesa 조선시대 사행기록화: 옛 그림으로 읽는 한중관계사 [Paintings Depicting Embassies to China in the Chosŏn Dynasty: History of China-Korea Relations Reflected in Old Paintings]. Seoul: Sahoep’yŏngnon, 2012.

11 Chong’an Gu xiansheng fu Liao zouyi 沖庵顧先生撫遼奏議 [Memorials of Master Gu Chong’an on Pacifying Liaodong], by Gu Yangqian 顧養謙. Reprint in: Xuxiu Siku quanshu, Vol. 478.

12 Ch’ŏngŭm sŏnsaengjip 清陰先生集 [Collected Writings of Master Ch’ŏngŭm (= Kim Sanghŏn 金尚憲)]. Reprint in: Han’guk munjip ch’onggan 韓國文集叢刊, Vol. 77. Seoul: Minjok munhwa ch'ujinhoe, 1988.

13 Chouhai tubian 籌海圖編 [Illustrated Book on Maritime Security], by Zheng Ruozeng 鄭若曾. Punctuated and collated by Li Zhizhong 李致忠. Beijing: Zhonghua, 2007.

14 Cong Peiyuan 叢佩遠. Zhongguo Dongbei shi (xiuding ban) 中國東北史 (修訂版) [History of Northeast China (Revised Edition)], Vol. 3. Changchun: Jilin wenshi, 2006.

15 Dengzhou fuzhi 登州府志 [Gazetteer of Dengzhou Prefecture], by Shi Runzhang 施閏章, published 1660 [Shunzhi 17th year]. Collected in Harvard Yenching Library.

16 Erickson, Andrew S., Lyle J. Goldstein, and Carnes Lord (eds.). China Goes to Sea: Maritime Transformation in Comparative Historical Perspective. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute, 2009.

17 Fudan daxue wenshi yanjiuyuan 复旦大学文史研究院 (ed.). Shijie shi zhong de Dongya haiyu 世界史中的東亞海域 [The East Asian Sea Space in World History]. Beijing: Zhonghua, 2011.

18 Fu Ji zoushu 撫畿奏疏 [Memorials on Governing the Capital Region], by Wang Yingjiao 汪應蛟. Reprint in: Xuxiu siku quanshu, Vol. 480.

19 Han Myung-gi 韓明基. “Imjinwaeran sigi Myŏnggunch'amjŏnŭi sahoemmunhwajŏk yŏnghyang” 壬辰倭亂시기 明軍참전의 社會・文化的 영향 [The Social and Cultural Impacts of the Ming Troops Entering the Imjin War]. Kunsa 군사 35 (1997), 65–98.

20 Han Myung-gi 韓明基. “The Inestimable Benevolence of Saving a Country on the Brink of Ruin: Chosŏn-Ming and Chosŏn-Later Jin Relations in the Seventeenth Century”, in: Lewis 2015, 277–293.

21 Hasegawa, Masato [长谷川正人]. “Provisions and Profits in a Wartime Borderland: Supply Lines and Society in the Border Region between China and Korea, 1592–1644”. PhD diss., Yale University, 2013.

22 Hasegawa, Masato [长谷川正人]. “War, Supply Lines, and Society in the Sino-Korean Borderland of the Late Sixteenth Century”, Late Imperial China 37.1 (2016), 109–152.

23 Haewŏl chip 海月集 [Literati Works of Haewŏl (= Hwang Yŏil 黄汝一)]. Reprint in: [Yŏngin p'yojŏm] Han’guk munjip ch’onggan [影印標點]韓國文集叢刊, Sok 續, Vol. 10. Seoul: Minjok munhwa ch’ujinhoe, 2005.

24 Hoshi, Ayao [星斌夫]. The Ming Tribute Grain System, translated by Mark Elvin. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan, 1969.

25 Huang Ming jiubian kao 皇明九邊考 [Investigations of Nine Borders of the August Ming], by Wei Huan 魏煥. Reprint in: Zhonghua wenshi congshu 中華文史叢書, Vol. 15. Taipei: Huawen, 1968.

26 Huang Ming shifa lu 皇明世法錄 [Records of Transmitted Models from the Ming], by Chen Renxi 陳仁錫. Reprint in: Siku jinhuishu congkan, shibu 史部, Vols. 13–16.

27 Hur, Nam-Lin [許南麟]. “The Celestial Warriors: Ming Military Aid and Abuse during the Korea War, 1592–8”, in: Lewis 2015, 236–255.

28 Huzhou fuzhi 湖州府志 [Gazetteer of Huzhou Prefecture], by Li Tang 李堂, published 1758 [Qianlong 23rd year]. Collected in the National Library of China.

29 Imun tŭngnok 吏文謄錄 [Records of Documentary Writings]. Collected in Changsŏgak.

30 Jiangnan shugao 江南疏稿 [Draft Memorials from Jiangnan],in Zhou zhongcheng shugao 周中丞疏稿 [Draft Memorials of Censor-in-Chief Zhou (= Zhou Kongjiao 周孔教)]. Reprint in: Siku quanshu cunmu congshu 四庫全書存目叢書, shibu 史部, Vol. 64. Jinan: Qilu shushe, 1996.

31 Jinglue fuguo yaobian 經略復國要編 [Important Documents from the Military Commissioner’s Restoration of the Country], by Song Yingchang 宋應昌. Reprint in: Zhonghua wenshi congshu, Vol. 19.

32 Jinglue yu Wo zouyi 經略御倭奏議 [Memorials on the Military Commissioner’s Defense Against the Japanese], by Xing Jie 邢玠. Reprint in: Yu Wo shiliao huibian 御倭史料彙編, Vols. 4–5. Beijing: Quanguo tushuguan wenxian suowei fuzhi zhongxin, 2004.

33 Jingshi cao 敬事草 [Memorials on Circumspectly Dealing with Affairs], by Shen Yiguan 沈一貫. Reprint in: Siku quanshu cunmu congshu, shibu, Vol. 63.

34 Kawagoe Yasuhiro 川越泰博. Mindai Chūgoku no gunsei to seiji 明代中国の軍制と政治 [Military System and Politics of Ming China]. Tokyo: Kokusho Kankōkai, 2001.

35 Kezuo zhuiyu 客座贅語 [Idle Talks with Guests], by Gu Qiyuan 顧起元. Punctuated and collated by Tan Dihua 譚棣華 and Chen Jiahe 陳稼禾. Yuan Ming shiliao biji congkan 元明史料筆記叢刊. Beijing: Zhonghua, 1987.

36 Kim Chongsu 김종수. “Hullyŏndogam sŏlch'i mit unyŏngŭi Tongashiajŏk t'ŭksŏng” 훈련도감 설치 및 운영의 동아시아적 특성 [Study of East Asian Characteristics in the Establishment and Operation of the Military Training Academy], Changsŏgak 장서각 33 (2015), 26–58.

37 Kim Kyŏngt'ae 김경태. “Imjinjŏnjaenggi Kyŏngju An'gang chŏnt'uwa kanghwagyosŏp kungmyŏnŭi pyŏndong” 임진전쟁기 경주 안강 전투와 강화교섭 국면의 변동 [The Battle of Angang and New Conditions of the Peace Negotiation during the Imjin War].

38 Han'guksa hakpo 한국사학보 62 (2016), 39–74.

39 Koewŏn tŭngnok 槐院謄錄 [Records of the Office of Diplomatic Correspondence]. Collected in Changsŏgak.

40 Kwanghaegun ilgi (T'aebaeksan sago pon) 光海君日記 (太白山史庫本) [Diaries of Kwanghaegun (T'aebaeksan sago edition)]. Reprint: Chosŏn wangjo sillok 朝鮮王朝實錄, vols. 26–31. Seoul: Kuksa p’yŏnch’an wiwŏnhoe, 1958.

41 Kwanghaegun ilgi (Chŏngjoksan pon) 光海君日記 (鼎足山本) [Diaries of Kwanghaegun (Chŏngjoksan edition)]. Reprint: Chosŏn wangjo sillok (1958), vols. 31–33.

42 Lewis, James B. (ed.). The East Asian War, 1592–1598: International Relations, Violence, and Memory. London: Routledge, 2015.

43 Li Zhizhong 李致忠. “Tan Chouhai tubian de zuozhe yu banben” 談《籌海圖編》的作者與版本 [Discussion on the Authorship and Editions of Chouhai tubian (Illustrated Book on Maritime Security)]. Wenwu 文物 1983.7, 68–72.

44 Liang Miaotai 梁淼泰. “Mingdai jiubian de mubing” 明代“九邊”的募兵 [Mercenaries in the “Nine Borders” of the Ming Dynasty]. Zhongguo shehui jingjishi yanjiu 中國社會經濟史研究 1997.1, 42–50.

45 Liu Jing 劉晶. “Beyond the Land: Maritime Interactions, Border Control, and Regional Powers between China and Korea, 1500-1637”. PhD diss. Syracuse University, 2019. See https://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2064&context=etd. [Liu 2019a.]

46 Liu Jing 劉晶. “Shuijun, haidao yu kuajing maoyi: 17 shiji chuqi de Zhong Chao haiyu jiaoshe yanjiu” 水軍，海盜與跨境貿易—17 世紀初期的中朝海域交涉研究 [Sailors, Pirates, and Cross-border Trade: China-Korea Maritime Relations in the Early Seventeenth Century]. Haijiao shi yanjiu 2019.1, 75–91. [Liu 2019b.]

47 Ma Guang 馬光. “Mingchu Shandong wokou yu yanhai weisuo zhidu kaolun” 明初山東倭寇與沿海衛所制度考論 [Wokou Raiding Activities and the Coastal Defense System of Shandong in the Early Ming Dynasty]. Guojia hanghai 國家航海 2015.2, 73–108.

48 Ming jingshi wenbian 明經世文編 [Collected Writings about Statecraft from the Ming Dynasty], ed. by Chen Zilong 陳子龍, Xu Fuyuan 徐孚遠, and Song Zhengbi 宋徵璧. Reprint: Beijing: Zhonghua, 1962.

49 Ming Shenzong shilu 明神宗實錄 [Veritable Records of Emperor Shenzong of the Ming]. Reprint: Taipei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1966.

50 Ming Shizong shilu 明世宗實錄 [Veritable Records of Emperor Shizong of the Ming]. Reprint: Taipei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1966.

51 Ming Muzong shilu 明穆宗實錄 [Veritable Records of Emperor Muzong of the Ming]. Reprint: Taipei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1966.

52 Mingshi 明史 [History of the Ming]. Beijing: Zhonghua, 1974.

53 Nan Bingwen 南炳文 and Shang Chuan 商傳 (eds.). Mingdai Jizhen wenhua xueshu yantaohui lunwenji 明代薊鎮文化學術研討會論文集 [Collected Papers of the Symposium on Ji Garrison Culture in the Ming Dynasty]. Beijing: Zhongguo mingshi xuehui, 2010.

54 O Irhwan 吳一煥. Hailu, yimin, yimin shehui: yi Ming Qing zhi ji Zhong Chao jiaowang wei zhongxin 海路・移民・遺民社會—以明清之際中朝交往為中心 [Sea Routes, Migrants, and the Community of Ming Loyalists: On China and Korea’s Interactions during the Ming-Qing Transition]. Tianjin: Tianjin guji 2007.

55 Pa Hyŏn'gyu 바현규. “Imjinwaeran Myŏng Ŭiogun ch'ulshin Chang Haebin'gwa Han'guk Chŏjang Changshi koch'al” 임진왜란 명 義烏軍 출신 張海濱과 한국 浙江張氏 고찰 [Study of Zhang Haibin from the Ming Yiwu Army in the Japanese Invasion of Korea of 1592–1598 and the Zhang Genealogy of Zhejiang in Korea]. Yi Sunshin yŏn'gu nonch'ong 이순신연구논총 24 (2015), 1–28.

56 Paeksa sŏnsaeng pyŏljip 白沙先生別集 [Anthology of the Works of Master Paeksa (= Yi Hangbok 李恆福)]. Reprint in: Han’guk munjip ch’onggan (1988), Vol. 62.

57 Robinson, David.: Bandits, Eunuchs and the Son of Heaven: Rebellion and the Economy of Violence in Mid-Ming China. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i, 2001.

58 Ryu Ch'angho 류창호. “Sŏhae pukpu haeyŏgesŏ haerangjŏk hwaltonggwa Chosŏnjŏngbuŭi taeŭng, Haerang-do sut'o (1500 nyŏn) esŏ Paengnyŏngjin sŏlch'i(1609 nyŏn) kkaji” 서해북부 해역에서 海浪賊 활동과 조선정부의 대응-海浪島 搜討(1500 년) 에서 白翎镇설치(1609 년) 까지 [Haerang Pirates’ Activities in the Northern Region of the West Sea and the Chosŏn Government’s Response]. T’amna munhwa 耽羅文化 51(2016), 69–107.

59 Siku quanshu zongmu tiyao 四庫全書總目提要 [General Index and Annotations to the Imperial Four Collections]. Shanghai: Shangwu, 1933.

60 Sim, Y.H. Teddy (ed.). The Maritime Defence of China: Ming General Qi Jiguang and Beyond. Singapore: Springer, 2017.

61 Sŏnjo sillok 宣祖實錄 [Annals of King Sŏnjo]. Reprint: Chosŏn wangjo sillok (1968), vols. 21–25.

62 Sun Weiguo 孫衛國. “Chaoxian ru Ming haishang gongdao kao” 朝鲜入明海上贡道考 [Examination of the Sea Route for Chosŏn Korea’s Tribute Missions to the Ming]. Hanguo xue lunwen ji 韓國學論文集 2009, 25–38.

63 Sun Weiguo 孫衛國. “Li Rusong zhi dongzheng jiqi houyi liuyu Hanguo kao” 李如松之東征及其後裔流寓韓國考 [The Eastward Expedition of Li Rusong and His Descendants’ Migration to Korea]. Renwen zazhi 人文雜誌 2014.1, 78–88.

64 Sun Weiguo 孫衛國. “Jixiao xinshu yu Chaoxian wangchao junzhi gaige” 《紀效新書》與朝鮮王朝軍制改革 [The Eastward Journey of Qi Jiguang’s New Treatise on Military Efficiency (Jixiao xinshu) and Its Influence in Chosŏn Korea]. Nankai xuebao (zhexue shehui kexue ban) 南開學報 (哲學社會科學版) 2018.4, 116–129.

65 Swope, Kenneth M. A Dragon’s Head and a Serpent’s Tail: Ming China and the First Great East Asian War, 1592–1598. Norman: University of Oklahoma, 2009.

66 Swope, Kenneth M. “Naval Technology, State Power and the Influence of Qi Jiguang in the Late Ming”, in: Sim 2017, 201–216.

67 Szonyi, Michael. The Art of Being Governed: Everyday Politics in Late Imperial China. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University, 2017.

68 Wang Xiangrong 汪向榮. “Chouhai tubian de banben he zuozhe” 《籌海圖編》的版本和作者 [The Editions and Authorship of Chouhai tubian (Illustrated Book on Maritime Security)]. Dushu 讀書 1983.9, 77–79.

69 Wilson, Andrew R.: “The Maritime Transformation of Ming China”, in: Erickson et al. 2009, 238–287. Wu Jihua 吳緝華. Mingdai haiyun ji yunhe de yanjiu 明代海運及運河的研究 [Study of Sea Transport and the Grand Canal in the Ming Dynasty]. Taipei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1961.

70 Xiao Lijun 肖立軍. Mingdai shengzhen yingbing zhi yu difang zhidu 明代省鎮營兵制與地方秩序 [The Battalion System and Regional Order in Ming Provinces and Garrisons]. Tianjin: Tianjin guji, 2010.

71 Xin Deyong 辛德勇. “Shu Mingdai shuwei changcheng zhi nanbing” 述明代戍衛長城之南兵 [Discussion on Southern Troops Guarding the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty]. Zhongguo shi yanjiu 中國史研究 2004.4, 141–153.

72 Yang Haiying 楊海英. “Wanli er shi san nian Jizhou bingbian guankui” 萬曆二十三年薊州兵變管窺 [Glimpse of the Jizhou Mutiny in the Twenty-third Year of the Wanli Reign], in: Nan Bingwen and Shang Chuan 2010, 118–135.

73 Yang Haiying 楊海英. “Dongzheng gujiang yu Shanyin shijia: guanyu Wu Zongdao de yanjiu” 東征故將與山陰世家—關於吳宗道的研究 [A Veteran Officer of the East Expedition and the Shanyin Clan: Research on Wu Zongdao], in: Jinian Wang Zhonghan xiansheng bainian danchen xueshu wenji 紀念王鍾翰先生百年誕辰學術文集 (Beijing: Zhongyang minzu daxue 2013), 160–173.

74 Yang Haiying 楊海英. Yuwai changcheng: Wanli yuanchao kang Wo Yiwu bing kaoshu 域外長城—萬曆援朝抗倭義烏兵考實 [The Great Wall Overseas: An Examination of the Yiwu Soldiers Aiding Korea and Fighting Japan in the Wanli Period]. Shanghai: Shanghai renmin, 2014.

75 Yang Haiying 楊海英. “Wanli yuan Chao zhanzheng zhong de nanbing” 萬曆援朝戰爭中的南兵 [The Southern Troops in the War to Aid Korea in the Manli Period], Junshi lishi 軍事歷史 2016.1, 16–23.

76 Yang Haiying 楊海英, and Ren Xingfang 任幸芳. “Chaoxian wangchao jundui de Zhongguo xunlian shi” 朝鮮王朝軍隊的中國訓練師 [Chinese Instructors in the Chosŏn Armies], Zhongguo shi yanjiu 中國史研究 2013.3, 165–205.

77 Yang Qiang 楊強. “Lun Ming Qing huan Bohai quyu de haiyang fazhan” 論明清環渤海區域的海洋發展 [Discussion on the Oceanic Development of the Bohai Coastal Region in the Ming and Qing Periods], Zhongguo shehui jingji shi yanjiu 中國社會經濟史研究 2004.1, 9–16.

78 Yang Yulei 楊雨蕾. “Ming Qing shiqi Chaoxian chaotian yanxing luxian ji qi bianqian” 明清時期朝鮮朝天、燕行路線及其變遷 [The Chosŏn’s Tribute Routes to Ming-Qing China and Their Changes], Lishi dili 歷史地理 21 (2006), 262–273.

79 Yŏllyŏsil kisul 燃藜室記述 [Narrative of Yŏllyŏsil (= Yi Kŭng-ik 李肯翊)]. Kojŏn Kugyŏk ch’ongsŏ 古典國譯叢書, Vols. 1–12. Seoul: Minjong munhwa ch’ujinhoe, 1982

80 Yougengtang ji 由庚堂集 [Collection of the Yougeng Room], by Zheng Rubi 鄭汝璧. Reprint in: Xuxiu Siku quanshu, Vol. 1356.

81 Yungang wenji 雲岡文集 [Collected Works of Yungang (= Gong Yongqing 龔用卿)]. Reprint in: Ming bieji congkan 明別集叢刊, di’er ji 第二輯, Vol. 56. Hefei: Huangshan shushe, 2016.

82 Zhang Jinkui 張金奎. Mingdai Shandong haifang yanjiu 明代山東海防研究 [Study of Shandong Sea Defense in the Ming Dynasty]. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue, 2014.

83 Zhang Jinkui 張金奎. “Wanli yuan Chao zhanzheng chuqi de neibu fenzheng: yi zanhua Yuan Huang wei zhongxin de kaocha” 萬曆援朝戰爭初期的內部紛爭—以贊畫袁黃為中心的考察[Internal Conflicts in the Early Period of the War to Aid Korea in the Wanli Reign: A Study of Counselor Yuan Huang]. Qiushi xuekan 求是學刊 43.5 (2016), 143–154.

84 Zhang Shizun 張士尊. Mingdai Liaodong bianjiang yanjiu 明代遼東邊疆研究 [Study of the Liaodong Border in the Ming Dynasty]. Changchun: Jilin renmin, 2002.

85 Zhao Hong 趙紅. “Shandong haifang yu Shandong yanhai shehui fazhan: yi Wanli kang Wo yuan Chao zhanzheng wei beijing” 山東海防與山東沿海社會發展—以萬曆抗倭援朝戰爭為背景 [Shandong Sea Defense and Social Development of the Shandong Coast: In the Background of the War to Resist the Japanese and Aid Korea in the Wanli Period].

86 Yantai daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexue ban) 煙台大學學報 (哲學社會科學版) 2015.5, 101–109.

87 Zhao Shuguo 趙樹國. Mingdai beibu haifang tizhi yanjiu 明代北部海防體制研究 [Study of the Sea Defense System of North China in the Ming Dynasty]. Jinan: Shandong renmin, 2014.

88 Zhaoyu zhi 肇域志 [Comprehensive Gazetteer of National Geography], by Gu Yanwu 顧炎武. Reprint in: Xuxiu Siku quanshu, Vols. 586–595.

89 Zhen Wu lu 鎮吳錄 [Records of Pacifying Wu (= Suzhou)], by Jiang Liangdong 姜良棟.

90 Hishi copy of the original in Naikaku Bunko, Tokyo, made by Takeo Hiraoka of Kyoto University, collected in Princeton University.

91 Zheng Jiexi 鄭潔西. “Shiliu shiji mo de Dongya jushi: yi haiwai guben Fu Zhe zoushu wei zhongxin” 十六世紀末的東亞局勢—以海外孤本《撫浙奏疏》為中心 [The East Asian Situation in the Late Sixteenth Century: On the Unique Copy Overseas Fu Zhe zoushu (Memorials on Governing Zhenjiang)], Zhedong wenhua yanjiu 浙東文化研究 2 (2016), 198–205.

92 Zheng Kaiyang zazhu 鄭開陽雜著 [Miscellaneous Writings of Zheng Kaiyang (= Zheng Ruozeng 鄭若曾)]. Reprint in: [Yingyin Wenyuange] Siku quanshu [景印文淵閣]四庫全書, Vol. 584. Taipei: Taiwan Shangwu, 1983–1984.