1 Askari, Nasrin. “The Medieval Reception of Firdausī's Shāhnāma: The Ardashīr Cycle as a Mirror for Princes”. PhD diss. University of Toronto, 2013 [tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/35768/1/Askari_Nasrin_201306_Phd_Thesis.pdf Revised edition: The Medieval Reception of the Shāhnāma as a Mirror for Princes. Leiden: Brill, 2016].

2 Athénaios Naucrátios Ἀθήναιος Nαυκράτιος (late 2nd, early 3rd cent. CE). Deipnosophistai Δειπνοσοφισταί (Banquet of the Learned). English translaton: Yonge 1853.

3 Badian, Ernst. “Gaugamela”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. X, 332–333 [wwiranicaonline.org/articles/gaugamela-, published 2000, last updated 2012].

4 Bahar, Mehrdad بھار، مھرداد. Az usturah ta tarikh از اسطوره تا تاريخ [From Myth to History]. Tehran: Cheshmeh, 2008.

5 Beyzaie, Bahram بيضائی بھرام. Iran Dar Namayesh نمايش در ايران [A Study in Iranian Theatre]. Tehran: Roshangaran, 2012.

6 Bioi paralleloi Βίοι Παράλληλοι [Parallel Lifes], by Plutarch. Greek original text of the surviving biographies (encoded version): el.wikisource.org/wiki/Βίοι Παράλληλοι. English translation: Perrin 1901–1926 [penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/home.html].

7 de Blois, François. “Epics”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, 474–477 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/epics published 1998, last updated 2011].

8 Boyce, Nora Elizabeth Mary. “The Parthian Gōsān and Iranian Minstrel Tradition”, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1957, 10–45.

9 Boyce, Nora Elizabeth Mary. (ed., tr.). Textual Sources for the Study of Zoroastrianism. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1984.

10 Boyce, Nora Elizabeth Mary. (ed., tr.). “Ayādgār ī Zarērān”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, 128–129 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ayadgar-i-zareran, published 1987, last updated 2012].

11 Briant, Pierre. Histoire de l'empire perse de Cyrus à Alexandre. Achaemenid History, 10. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, 1996.

12 Briant, Pierre. “Gaumāta”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. X, 333–335 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/gaumata-, published 2000, last updated 2012].

13 Cereti, Carlo G. “Kār-Nāmag ī Ardašīr ī Pābagān”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XV, 585–588 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/karnamag-i-ardasir, published 2011, last updated 2012].

14 Chares of Mytilene Χάρης ὁ Μυτιληναῖος (late 4th Cent. BCE). See Peri Alexandron historiai.

15 Corbin, Henry. Les motifs zoroastrians dans la philosophie des Sohrawardi. Tehran: Editions Du Courrier, 1946.

16 Ctesias of Cnidus Κτησίας ο Κνίδιος (late 5th, early 4th BCE). See Persica.

17 Cyropaedia Κύρου Παιδεία [The Education of Cyrus], by Xenophon. Greek original text and English translation: Miller 1914.

18 Dąbrowa, Edward. “Kingship II: Parthian Period,” Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kingship-02-parthian-period, published 2016].

19 Dandamayev, Muhammad A. “Cambyses”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, 726–729 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/cambyses-opers, published 1990]

20 Dandamayev, Muhammad A. “Courts and Courtiers I: In the Median and Achaemenid Periods”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VI, 356–359 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/courts-and-courtiers-ii, published 1993, last updated 2011, cited Dandamayev 1993a].

21 Dandamayev, Muhammad A. “Cyrus III: Cyrus II The Great”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VI, 516–521 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/cyrus-iiI, published 1993, last updated 2011, cited Dandamayev 1993b].

22 Dandamayev, Muhammad A. “Magophonia”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/magophonia, published 2012].

23 Daniel, Elton L. “Ṭabari Abu Ja 'far Moḥammad b. Jarir b. Yazid”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tabari-abu-jafar, published 2013].

24 Encyclopaedia Iranica, ed. by Ehsan Yarshater et al. Costa Mesa: Mazda, 1985- [www.iranicaonline.org].

25 [Encyclopaedia Iranica] (eds.). “Darius V: Darius III”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VI, 51–54 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/darius-v, published 1994, last updated 2011).

26 Faulkner, Robert. “Cyrus IIIa: Cyrus II as Portrayed by Xenophon and Herodotus”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/cyrus-iiia, published 2013].

27 Felix, Wolfgang. “Dinon”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VII, 419–420 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/dinon, published 1995, last updated 2011].

28 Ferdowsi, Abu'l-Qāsem ابوالقاسم فردوسی (c. 940–1020). See Shahname.

29 Frye, Richard Nelson. The Heritage of Persia. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1962.

30 Frye, Richard Nelson. The Ancient History of Iran. München: Beck, 1983.

31 Geiger, Wilhelm, and Ernst Kuhn (eds.). Grundriss der iranischen Philologie, vol. 2: Litteratur, Geschichte und Kultur, Register zum 2. Band. Strassburg: Trubner, 1896–1904 [archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.69799].

32 Gershevitch, Ilya (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 2: The Median and Achaemenian Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University, 1985.

33 Gignoux, Philippe. “Dēnkard”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VII, 284–289 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/denkard, originally published 1994, last updated 2011].

34 Hanaway, William L. “Dārāb-nāma”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VII, 8–9 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/darab-nama, published 1994, last updated 2011].

35 Hash Namah-'i Suhravardi ھشت رساله سھروردی [Eight Books by Suhrawardi], by Suhrawardi. Karaj: Najm Kobra, 2009.

36 Herodotus Ἡρόδοτος (c. 484-c. 425 BCE). See Historia.

37 Historia ἱστορία [The Histories], by Herodotus. Annotated edition of the Greek original text: Sayce 1883. English translation: Rawlinson et al.1859—1862.

38 Humbach, Helmut. “Epigraphy I: Old Persian and Middle Iranian Epigraphy”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, 478–488 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/epigraphy-i, published 1998, last updated 2011].

39 Huyse, Philip. “Epigraphy II. Greek Inscriptions from Ancient Iran”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, 488–490 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/epigraphy-ii, published 1998, last updated 2011].

40 Kār-Nāmag ī Ardašīr ī Pābagān ان ریاردش کارنامهٔ [Book of the Deeds of Ardashir, Son of Babag]. Middle Persian text (in Latin Alphabet): titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/iran/miran/mpers/kap/kap.htm. English translation: Sanjānā 1896.

41 Khaleghi-Motlagh, Djalal. “Ferdowsi, Abu'l-Qāsem I: Life”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IX, 514–523 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ferdowsi-i, published 1999, last updated 2012].

42 Knauth, Wolfgang, and Seyfoddin Najmabadi (eds., trs.). Das altiranische Fürstenideal von Xenophon bis Ferdousi: nach den antiken und einheimischen Quellen dargestellt [The Idea of the Ancient Iranian Kingdom]. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1975.

43 Kuhrt, Amélie. The Persian Empire: A Corpus of Sources from the Achaemenid Period. London: Routledge, 2007.

44 Lewental, D. Gershon. “Rostam b. Farroḵ-Hormozd”, in: Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/rostam-farrokh-hormozd, published 2017].

45 Loloi, Parvin. “Šāh-nāma Translations III: into English”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/sah-nama-translations-iii-English, published 2014].

46 Machiavelli, Niccolò (1469—1527). Il principe [The Prince]. English translation: Mansfield 1998.

47 MacKenzie, David Neil. “Bundahišn”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, 547–551 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bundahisn-primal-creation, published 1989].

48 Māhyār Navvābā, Yahyá نوابى، يحيی ماھيار. Introduction of Yādgār-i zarīrān يادگارزريران] مقدمه]. Tehran: Asatir, 1995.

49 Māhyār Navvābā, Yahyá نوابى، يحيی ماھيار. Yādgār-i zarīrān: matn-i Pahlavī bā tarjumah-i Fārsī va āvānivīsī-i Lātīn va sanjish-i ān bā Shāhnāmah ترجمه فارسی و آوانويسی لاتين و سنجش با شاھنامه يادگار زريران: متن پھلوی با. Tehran: Asatir, 1995.

50 Malandra, William W. “Zoroaster II: General Survey”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/zoroaster-ii-general-survey, published 2009].

51 Mansfield, Harvey Claflin (tr.). The Prince, by Niccolò Machiavelli. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1998.

52 Mashayekh, Sara. “Epic of Kārnamag and the Late Sasanian Period” Graduate Paper 2. e-Sasanika, 2011 [www.sasanika.org/esasanika/epic-of-karnamag-and-the-late-sasanian-period-2].

53 Miller, Walter (1864—1949) (tr.). Xenophon: Cyropaedia, with an English Translation. 2 vols. Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1914 [archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.183563, ~.2015.183818].

54 Nichols, Andrew. “The Complete Fragments of Ctesias of Cnidus”. Diss. Gainesville 2008 [etd.fcla.edu/UF/UFE0022521/nichols_a.pdf).

55 Nöldeke, Theodor (1836—1930). “Das iranische Nationalepos” [The National Epic of Iran], in: Geiger and Kuhn 1896, 130–211.

56 Peri Alexandron historiai Περὶ Ἀλέξανδρον ἱστορίαι [Stories about Alexander], by Chares of Mytilene. Only a short number of this stories have survived e. g. in Athénaios Naucrátios’ Deipnosophistai.

57 Perrin, Bernadotte (ed., tr.). Plutarch's Lives, with an English Translation. 11 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Harvard University, 1901—1926.

58 Perrin, Bernadotte (ed., tr.). Plutarch's Lives, with an English Translation, vol. XI: Aratus, Artaxerxes, Galba and Otho. Cambridge: Harvard University, 1926 [archive.org/details/L103PlutarchParallelLivesXIAratusArtaxerxesGalbaOtho; encoded: penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Artaxerxes*.html].

59 Persica Περσικά, by Ctesias of Cnidus. Edition of the fragments of the Greek original text and English translation: Nichols 2008.

60 Plutarch Πλούταρχος (c. 45-c. 125). See Bioi paralleloi.

61 Rawlinson, George, Henry Rawlinson, and John Gardner Wilkinson (eds., trs.). History of Herodotus: A New English Version, with Copious Notes and Appendices, Illustrating the History and Geography of Herodotus. 4 vols. London: Murray and New York: Appleton, 1858 [1—2], 1859 [3], 1860 [4] [archive.org/details/historyofherodot01herouoft, ~/historyofherodot02herouoft, ~/historyofherodot03herouoft, ~/historyofherodo04 hero; encoded: oll.libertyfund.org/people/herodotus].

62 Rollinger, Robert. “Herodotus”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XII, 254–288 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/herodotus, published 2003, last updated 2012].

63 Rubanovich, Julia. “Šāh-nāma VI: The Šāh-nāma as a Source for Popular Narratives”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shah-nama-06-dastan, published 2015].

64 Safa, Zabihollah ذبيح لله صفا Hamase-sara'i dar Iran حماسه سرايی در ايران [Epic Storytelling in Iran]. Tehran: Amirkabir, [11945,] 41984.

65 Sanchisi-Weerdenburg, Heleen. “Cyropaedia,” in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VI, 512–514 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/cyropaedia-gr, published 1993, last updated 2011].

66 Sanchisi-Weerdenburg, Heleen. “Darius IV: Darius II”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VII. 50–51 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/darius-iv, published 1994, last updated 2011).

67 Sanjānā, Dārāb Peshotan (tr.). The Kārnāmā ī Artakhshīr ī Pāpakān: Being the Oldest Surviving Records of the Zoroastrian Emperor Ardashīr Bābakān, the Founder of the Sāsānian Dynasty in Irān; the Original Pahlavi Text Edited for the First Time with a Transliteration in Roman Characters, Translation into the English and Gujerati Languages, with Explanatory and Philological Notes, an Introduction, and Appendices. Bombay: Education Society's Steam, 1895—1896 [encoded version: www.avesta.org/pahlavi/karname.htm].

68 Sayce, Archibald Henry (1846—1933, ed.). The Ancient Empires of the East. Herodotos I.-III. With Notes, Introductions, and Appendices. London: Macmillan, 1883 [archive.org/details/ancientempiresof00herouoft].

69 Schlerath, Bernfried, and Prods Oktor Skjærvø. “Aša”, in: Encyclopædia Iranica, Vol. II, 694–696 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/asa-means-truth-in-avestan, published 1987, last updated 2011].

70 Schmitt, Rüdiger. “Achaemenid Dynasty”, in: Encyclopædia Iranica, Vol. I, 414–426 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/achaemenid-dynasty, published 1983, last updated 2011].

71 Schmitt, Rüdiger. “Artaxerxes I”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, 655–656 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/artaxerxes-i, published 1986, last updated 2011, cited Schmitt 1986a].

72 Schmitt, Rüdiger. “Artaxerxes II”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, 656–658 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/artaxerxes-ii-achaemenid-king, published 1986, last updated 2011, cited Schmitt 1986b].

73 Schmitt, Rüdiger. “Bisotun III: Darius's Inscriptions”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, 299–305 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bisotun-iii, published 1990, last updated 2013].

74 Schmitt, Rüdiger. “Chares of Mytilene”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. V, p. 377 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/chares-of-mitylene-or-mytilene-as-in-athenaeus-7, published 1991, last updated 2011].

75 Schmitt, Rüdiger. “Ctesias”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VI, 441–446 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ctesias-, published 1993, last updated 2011, cited Schmitt 1993a].

76 Schmitt, Rüdiger. “Cyrus VI: Cyrus the Younger”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VI, 524–526 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/cyrus-vi-younger, published 1993, last updated 2011, cited Schmitt 1993b].

77 Shahname شاھنامه [The Book of Kings], by Ferdowsi. Persian original based on the Moscow version: Tehran: Payman, 2002.

78 Shahbazi, A. Shapur. “Darius III: Darius I the Great”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VII, 41–50 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/darius-iii, published 1994, last updateed 2012].

79 Shahbazi, A. Shapur. “Goštāsp”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/gostasp, published 2002, last updated 2012, cited Shabazi 2002a].

80 Shahbazi, A. Shapur. “Shapur I: History”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shapur-i, published 2002, cited Shahbazi 2002b].

81 Shahbazi, A. Shapur. “Historiography II: Pre-Islamic Period”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XII, 325–330 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/historiography-ii, published 2003, last updated 2012]

82 Skjærvø, Prods Oktor. “Kayāniān VII: Kauui Haosrauuah, Kay Husrōy, Kay Kosrow”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kayanian-vii, last updated 2013].

83 Skjærvø, Prods Oktor. “Aždahā”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, 191–205 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azdaha-dragon-various-kinds#pt1, published 1987, last updated 2011].

84 Strootman, Rolf. “Seleucid Empire”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/seleucid-empire, published 2015].

85 Suhrawardi سھروردی (1154—1191). See Hasht Namah-'i Suhravardi.

86 Tabari, Mohammad ebn Jarir محمد بن جرير طبری (839—923). See Tarikh al-Tabari.

87 Tafażżolī, Aḥmad. “Dārā(b) I”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VII, 1–2 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/darab-1, published 1994, last updated 2011].

88 Tafażżolī, Aḥmad. “Ferēdūn”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IX, 531–533 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/feredu-, published 1999, last updated 2012].

89 Tarikh al-Tabari تاريخ طبری [Tabari's History], by Tabari. Beyrout: Daroltorath, 21967.

90 Tuplin, Christopher J. “Xenophon”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/xenophon, published 2013].

91 Warner, Arthur George, and Edmond Warner (tr.). The Sháhnáma of Firdausí. 7 vols. London: Paul, 1905–1925 [archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.69622, ~.2015.530034, ~.2015.530035, ~.2015.52964, ~.2015. 52965, ~.530038, ~.2015.530039].

92 Wiesehöfer, Joseph. “Ardašīr I I: History”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, 371–376 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ardasir-i, published 1986, last updated 2011].

93 Xenophon Ξενοφών (430/425—355 BCE). See Cyropaedia.

94 Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. 3: Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods. 2 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University, 1983.

95 Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). “Iranian National History”, in Yarshater 1983, 359–477 [cited Yarshater 1983a].

96 Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). “Iran III: Traditional History”, in: Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XIII, 299–307 [www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iran-iii-traditional-history, published 2004, last updated 2012].

97 Yonge, Charles Duke (1812—1891, tr.). The Deipnosophists, or, Banquet of the Learned, of Athenaeus. Literally Translated, with an Appendix and a General Index. 3 vols. London: Bohn, 1853.